What this heading covers
The three families are related but not interchangeable. Time behaviour is about response and processing time under stated conditions. Resource utilization is about what the product consumes while doing the work. Capacity is about the limit it can carry before a property fails. A programme that reports only response time has measured one third of the characteristic. The conditions matter as much as the number: a response time without the load, the data volume and the environment is not reproducible, and the scope says target values depend on the product and its context.
Record position: characteristic 2 of 9, carrying 3 of the 40 measure families in clause 6.
What the heading asks of a team
Conditions are part of the measure
Load, data volume, hardware, network and concurrent users decide the value. Record them beside the result or the result cannot be compared.
Resource is not only compute
Memory, storage, network and energy all count as consumption. The 2023 model adds environmental sustainability here, and the draft gives it no separate family.
Capacity needs a failure definition
A capacity figure is meaningless without saying which property fails at the limit: response time, error rate, or a hard stop.
The common confusion
Performance efficiency is often reduced to response time. The draft separates time, resource and capacity because a product can be fast, hungry and unable to scale, all at once.
The measure families in this characteristic
What to put in place before publication
- Write the load and environment profile for every performance test, and keep it with the result.
- Name the resource dimensions the product is accountable for, and the instrument that measures each one.
- Define what counts as failure at capacity, because the limit is only meaningful against that definition.
- Decide how environmental sustainability will be reported, and label any measure of it as local.
- Separate production measurement from test measurement in the report, since the environments differ.
The test a reviewer asks
- Can the response time be reproduced from the recorded profile?
- Does the capacity result state which property fails and at what value?
Where teams usually fall short
- A single response time from a developer laptop, presented as the product's performance.
- Capacity quoted as a user count without the failure definition or the data volume.
What happens next
The time behaviour page is the one most buyers start with. Resource utilization and capacity are the two that explain why a product that felt fast in test falls over in operation.
Source
ISO Online Browsing Platform, free preview of ISO/IEC DIS 25000-23.2 https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:std:iso-iec:25000:-23:dis:ed-1:v2:en read 22 October 2026
ISO/IEC 25010:2023, Product quality model https://www.iso.org/standard/78176.html read 22 October 2026
ISO/IEC 25023:2016, Measurement of system and software product quality https://www.iso.org/standard/35747.html read 22 October 2026